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RESERVE BANK OF AUSTRALIA

Statement on Monetary Policy – May 2009

List of tables

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Chapters

Table 1: Expected Fiscal Balances in Selected Countries

Table 2: World GDP Growth

Table 3: Policy Rates

Table 4: Emerging Market Policy Rates

Table 5: Government-guaranteed Bank Bonds

Table 6: Changes in Global Share Prices

Table 7: Change in US Dollar against Other Currencies

Table 8: Australian Dollar against Selected TWI Currencies

Table 9: Demand and Output

Table 10: National Housing Prices

Table 11: Relative performance of Australian Exports

Table 12: Intermediaries’ Variables Lending Rates

Table 13: Credit Aggregates

Table 14: Measures of Consumer Price Inflation

Table 15: Median Inflation Expectations

Table 16: Output and Inflation Forecasts

Boxes

Table B1: Australian Resource Export Volumes

Table 1: Expected Fiscal Balances in Selected Countries(a)
Per cent of GDP
  2007 and 2008
Average
2009 2010
(a) Estimates for the United States and the United Kingdom are from the Congressional Budget Office and Her Majesty’s Treasury, respectively, and are for the relevant fiscal years for each country; other figures are RBA estimates based on national and international sources. Data for the United States refer to federal government fiscal balance.
United States −2¼ −13 −9½
United Kingdom −4¼ −12½ −12
Germany −¼ −4¾ −6
Japan −4 −10 −9¾
China ¼ −3½ −3½
Korea −3¼ −4½
Indonesia −½ −2½ −2
Table 2: World GDP Growth
Year average, Per cent(a)
  2007 2008 2009 2010
    IMF forecasts(d)
(a) Aggregates weighted by GDP at PPP exchange rates unless otherwise specified
(b) Weighted using GDP at market exchange rates
(c) Weighted using merchandise export shares
(d) Forecasts from the April World Economic Outlook (WEO)
Sources: CEIC; Consensus Economics; IMF; RBA; Thomson Reuters
United States 2.0 1.1 −2.8 0.0
Euro area 2.7 0.7 −4.2 −0.4
Japan 2.4 −0.7 −6.2 0.5
China 13 9.0 6.5 7.5
Other east Asia(b) 5.8 2.8 −3.4 1.4
India 9.2 7.4 4.5 5.6
World 5.2 3.2 −1.3 1.9
Australia’s trading partners(c) 5.6 2.8 −2.0 2.1
Table 3: Policy Rates
  Current level Most recent
change
Change since
start of
easing phase
Per cent Basis points
Sources: Bloomberg; central banks
United States 0.125 ↓ Dec 08 ↓ 513
Euro area 1.25 ↓ Apr 09 ↓ 300
Japan 0.10 ↓ Dec 08 ↓ 40
United Kingdom 0.50 ↓ Mar 09 ↓ 525
Canada 0.25 ↓ Apr 09 ↓ 425
Sweden 0.50 ↓ Apr 09 ↓ 425
Switzerland 0.25 ↓ Mar 09 ↓ 250
New Zealand 2.50 ↓ Apr 09 ↓ 575
Table 4: Emerging Market Policy Rates
  Current level Change since
previous Statement
Change since
start of easing phase
Per cent Basis points Basis points
Sources: Bloomberg; central banks
Brazil 10.25 ↓ 250 ↓ 350
Chile 1.75 ↓ 550 ↓ 650
Czech Republic 1.75 ↓ 50 ↓ 200
Iceland 15.50 ↓ 250 ↓ 250
India 4.75 ↓ 75 ↓ 425
Indonesia 7.25 ↓ 100 ↓ 225
Israel 0.50 ↓ 50 ↓ 375
Malaysia 2.00 ↓ 50 ↓ 150
Mexico 6.00 ↓ 175 ↓ 225
Philippines 4.50 ↓ 50 ↓ 150
Poland 3.75 ↓ 50 ↓ 225
Russia 12.50 ↓ 50 ↓ 50
South Africa 8.50 ↓ 300 ↓ 350
South Korea 2.00 ↓ 50 ↓ 325
Taiwan 1.25 ↓ 25 ↓ 238
Thailand 1.25 ↓ 75 ↓ 250
Turkey 9.75 ↓ 325 ↓ 700
Table 5: Government-guaranteed Bank Bonds(a)
  Issuance
US$ billion
(a) May exclude some private placements
Sources: RBA; Thomson Reuters
United States 259.4
United Kingdom 120.7
France 82.9
Australia 61.3
Germany 41.2
Netherlands 38.4
Spain 36.6
Austria 19.0
Ireland 17.9
Sweden 17.8
Portugal 4.3
Norway 4.0
Switzerland 3.0
Greece 1.3
New Zealand 1.2
South Korea 1.0
Total 710.0
Table 6: Changes in Global Share Prices
Per cent
  Peak to
trough
Since recent
trough
Since previous
Statement
Source: Bloomberg
United States
– Dow Jones −54 30 7
– S&P 500 −57 36 10
– NASDAQ −56 39 16
Euro area
– STOXX −62 34 8
United Kingdom
– FTSE −48 25 4
Japan
– Nikkei −61 27 12
Canada
– TSE 300 −50 34 17
Australia
– ASX 200 −54 23 12
MSCI
– Emerging Asia −61 53 30
– Latin America −57 59 22
– Emerging Europe −71 49 40
– World −56 32 11
Table 7: Change in US Dollar against Other Currencies
Per cent
  Past year Since previous
Statement
Sources: Bloomberg; US Federal Reserve
New Zealand 36 −13
Sweden 32 −5
United Kingdom 30 −4
Brazil 28 −8
Mexico 25 –9
South Korea 25 −8
Australia 27 −14
India 21 2
Euro area 16 −4
Canada 16 −5
Indonesia 13 −11
Philippines 13 1
Malaysia 12 −3
Thailand 11 1
South Africa 11 −17
Taiwan 9 −1
Singapore 8 −2
Switzerland 8 −2
China −2 0
Japan −6 10
Majors TWI 14 −2
Broad TWI 14 −1
Table 8: Australian Dollar against Selected TWI Currencies
Percentage change
  Past year Since previous
Statement
Deviation from
post-float average
Sources: RBA; Thomson Reuters; WM/Reuters
New Zealand 6 0 4
United Kingdom 3 11 12
South Korea −2 6 41
India −5 16 42
Euro area −8 10 −15
Canada −8 8 −7
Indonesia −11 2 117
Malaysia −11 13 20
Thailand −12 15 12
South Africa −12 −3 43
Singapore −14 12 −12
Switzerland −15 11 −21
United States −21 15 4
China −23 15 10
Japan −26 24 −22
TWI −15 13 4
Table 9: Demand and Output
Percentage change
  September
quarter 2008
December
quarter 2008
Year to December
quarter 2008
(a) Adjusted for the statistical discrepancy
(b) Contribution to GDP growth
Sources: ABS; RBA
Domestic final demand 0.3 0.1 2.6
GNE(a) 0.5 –2.0 0.1
Net exports(b) −0.4 1.5 0.2
GDP 0.1 −0.5 0.3
Non-farm GDP −0.2 −0.8 0.0
GDP adjusted for changes
in the terms of trade 1.5 –1.2 3.9
Table 10: National Housing Prices
Percentage change
  December
quarter 2008
March
quarter 2009
Year to March
quarter 2009
Sources: ABS; APM; RBA; RP Data-Rismark
House prices
ABS −1.2 −2.2 −6.7
RP Data-Rismark −1.0 −0.1 −3.8
APM −0.5 0.1 −3.5
Apartment prices
RP Data-Rismark −0.1 0.9 −0.9
APM −0.2 0.4 −1.7
Table 11: Relative performance of Australian exports
Per cent
  Growth in
export volumes
Share of merchandise exports (2007/08)
June to December
quarter
Rural and
resources
Manufactures
(a) Merchandise exports only
Sources: CEIC; Eurostat; RBA; Thomson Reuters
Japan −13 4 96
South Korea −9 10 90
Euro area −7 21 79
New Zealand −6 67 33
United States −6 22 78
Canada −6 61 39
United Kingdom −4 21 79
China(a) −3 5 95
Australia −1 81 19
Table 12: Intermediaries’ Variable Lending Rates
Per cent
  Current level Change since:
5 May 2009 End Jan 2009 End Aug 2008 End Jul 2007
(a) RBA estimate
Sources: ABS; APRA; Canstar Cannex; Perpetual; RBA
Cash rate 3.00 −1.25 −4.25 −3.25
Housing loans
Prime full-doc
Banks 5.14 −1.07 −3.83 −2.32
Credit unions and building societies 5.27 −1.10 −3.73 −2.27
Mortgage originators 5.58 −0.93 −3.64 −1.90
Prime low-doc
Banks 5.90 −1.00 −3.55 −1.86
Mortgage originators 6.49 −0.73 −3.34 −1.31
Non-conforming 9.40 −1.00 −2.51 0.24
Personal loans
Margin loans 8.01 −0.92 −2.57 −0.96
Standard credit cards 17.9 −0.71 −2.03 0.12
Low-rate credit cards 12.02 −0.23 −0.91 0.85
Unsecured term loans 13.52 −0.57 −1.38 0.91
Home equity loans 5.89 −1.04 −3.69 −2.33
Small business
Term loans
Residentially secured 7.08 −1.20 −3.01 −1.22
Other security 7.90 −1.11 −2.80 −1.00
Overdraft
Residentially secured 7.90 −1.20 −3.01 −1.15
Other security 8.81 −1.11 −2.77 −0.90
Average actual rate(a) 7.21 −1.26 −2.95 −1.43
Large business
Average actual rate, variable and bill funding(a) 4.88 −0.98 −3.75 −2.44
Table 13: Credit Aggregates
Average monthly growth, per cent
  June
quarter 2008
September
quarter 2008
December
quarter 2008
March
quarter 2009
Source: RBA
Total credit 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.2
Household 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5
– Owner-occupier housing 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.8
– Investor housing 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2
– Personal −0.1 −0.6 −1.0 −0.4
Business 0.5 0.9 0.0 −0.1
Table 14: Measures of Consumer Price Inflation
Per cent
  Quarterly Year-ended
December
quarter
2008
March
quarter
2009
December
quarter
2008
March
quarter
2009
(a) Volatile items are fruit, vegetables and automotive fuel
Sources: ABS; RBA
CPI −0.3 0.1 3.7 2.5
– Tradables −1.8 0.5 1.2 0.8
– Tradables (ex food & fuel) −0.2 0.9 0.9 2.0
– Non-tradables 0.6 −0.1 5.4 3.4
Underlying measures
Weighted median 0.9 1.2 4.5 4.4
Trimmed mean 0.6 1.0 4.2 3.9
CPI ex volatile items(a) and deposit & loan facilities 0.6 1.1 3.8 3.7
Table 15: Median Inflation Expectations
Per cent
  Year to December 2009 Year to December 2010
November
2008
February
2009
May
2009
February
2009
May
2009
(a) RBA survey
(b) Workplace Research Centre
Market economists(a) 2.6 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.4
Union officials(b) 4.1 3 2.1 3 2.7
Table 16: Output and Inflation Forecasts(a)
Percentage change over year to quarter shown
  Dec
2008
June
2009
Dec
2009
June
2010
Dec
2010
June
2011
Dec
2011
(a) Actual data to December 2008. Underlying inflation refers to the average of trimmed mean and weighted median inflation. For the forecast period, technical assumptions include A$ at US$0.75, TWI at 61, cash rate at 3.00 per cent, and WTI crude oil price at US$65 per barrel and Tapis crude oil price at US$67 per barrel.
Sources: ABS; RBA
GDP 0.3 −1¼ −1 ½ 2
Non-farm GDP 0.0 −1½ −1 ½ 2
CPI 3.7 2
Underlying inflation 4.3 2
Table B1: Australian Resource Export Volumes
Per cent change, seasonally adjusted
  Share of resource
export values (2008)
Six months to March
on previous six months
Sources: ABS; RBA
Iron ore 20 −12
Coking coal 21 −23
Thermal coal 10 12
LNG 6 22
Oil 7 15
Gold 10 6